What is the difference between chloasma and melasma?

The terms are often used interchangeably. Chloasma typically refers specifically to pregnancy-related facial pigmentation (sometimes called the "mask of pregnancy"), while melasma is the broader term for hormone-related or sun-triggered symmetrical facial pigmentation that can occur outside of pregnancy — including with hormonal contraception use. Both are driven by the same underlying mechanism of oestrogen and UV-stimulated melanocyte overactivity.

Does chloasma from pregnancy fade after giving birth?

In many cases, yes — pregnancy-related chloasma fades gradually in the months following delivery as oestrogen levels normalise. However, it may not resolve completely, and sun exposure during and after pregnancy significantly affects how much it persists. Consistent high-factor sun protection after delivery gives the best chance of natural fading. For persistent pigmentation, topical treatments including vitamin C, niacinamide, and azelaic acid can be used safely while breastfeeding, though some ingredients (retinoids, hydroquinone) are generally avoided.

Can hormonal contraception cause or worsen chloasma?

Yes. Oestrogen-containing contraceptives — combined oral contraceptive pills, the contraceptive patch, and the hormonal IUD to a lesser degree — can trigger or worsen chloasma in susceptible individuals. If pigmentation develops or worsens after starting hormonal contraception, discussing alternative contraceptive options with a doctor is worthwhile. Progestogen-only methods are generally less likely to trigger pigmentation.

What is the most important thing someone can do for chloasma?

Sun protection is by far the most important intervention. Without consistent broad-spectrum SPF 30–50 applied daily, topical treatments for chloasma are significantly less effective, and any improvement is quickly reversed by sun exposure. Physical sunscreens containing zinc oxide or titanium dioxide are often recommended as they block both UVA and UVB effectively. Wearing a hat outdoors and seeking shade during peak UV hours are important complementary measures.

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Chloasma

Chloasma (melasma) describes dark patches on the skin caused by excess melanin, commonly triggered by hormonal changes or sun exposure in pregnancy. Sun protection, topical naturals, nutritional support for skin health,

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Reviewed by Dr. Ciara Magee · Integrative Midwifery26 March 2026Emerging evidence

Quick answer

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Chloasma (melasma in pregnancy) presents as symmetrical, brownish patches of darker pigmentation, most typically on the cheeks, forehead, upper lip, and chin
It develops gradually with sun and hormonal exposure, and is particularly common during pregnancy or when using hormonal contraception
The patches do not cause physical discomfort, but the psychological impact — particularly when prominent or on visible areas of the face — can be significant
Many people describe feeling self-conscious, investing considerable time and money in concealment or treatment, and being frustrated by slow or inconsistent improvement
Melasma has a strong tendency to recur, which can make managing expectations a challenge

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